Important facts about Veer Savarkar for UPSC
Veer Savarkar
- VD Savarkar was an Indian independence activist, politician, lawyer and writer.
- He was born on 28th May, 1883 in Bhagur, a village near Nashik in Maharashtra.
- Formed a youth organization- Mitra Mela,
- This organization was put into place to bring in national and revolutionary ideas.
- He was against foreign goods and propagated the idea of Swadeshi.
- He championed atheism and rationality and also disapproved orthodox Hindu belief.
- Vinayak Savarkar was a president of Hindu Mahasabha from 1937 to 1943.
- When congress ministries offered resignation on 22nd oct 1939, Hindu mahaasabha under his leadership cooperated with Muslim league to form government in provinces like Sindh, Bengal and NWFP.
- In Pune, Savarkar founded the “Abhinav Bharat Society”.
- He joined Tilak’s Swaraj Party.
- He founded the Free India Society.
- The Society celebrated important dates on the Indian calendar including festivals, freedom movement landmarks, and was dedicated to furthering discussion about Indian freedom.
- He believed and advocated the use of arms to free India from the British and created a network of Indians in England, equipped with weapons.
- Savarkar wrote a book titled ‘The History of the War of Indian Independence’ in which he wrote about the guerilla warfare tricks used in 1857 Sepoy Mutiny.
- He also wrote the book ‘Hindutva: who is hindu?’.
Struggles
- Arrested in 1909 on charges of plotting an armed revolt against the Morley-Minto reform (Indian Councils Act 1909).
- Arrested in 1910 for his connections with the revolutionary group India House.
- Kalapani imprisonment
- One of the charges on Savarkar was abetment to murder of Nashik Collector Jackson
- Waging a conspiracy under Indian penal code 121-A against the King emperor.
- Following the two trials, Savarkar was convicted and sentenced to 50-years imprisonment also known as Kala Pani
- He was transported in 1911 to the Cellular Jail in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands.
- He was not considered by the British government as a political prisoner.
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Organization with which Veer Savarkar was linked
Abhinav Bharat Society (Young India Society)
It was a secret society founded by Vinayak Damodar Savarkar and his brother Ganesh Damodar Savarkar in 1904.
Initially founded at Nasik as Mitra Mela, the society was associated with several revolutionaries and political activists with branches in various parts of India and London.
India House
It was founded by Shyamji Kishan Verma in 1905 in London.
It was opened to promote nationalist views among Indian students in London.
Free India Society
It was a political organization of Indian students in England, committed to obtaining the independence of India from British rule.
Initially an intellectual group, it became a revolutionary outfit under its founding leader, Madam Bhikaji Cama.
Hindu Mahasabha
It was a political party formed in 1933.
It was founded by Veer Damodar Savarkar, Lala Lajpat Rai, Madan Mohan Malviya.
The organisation was formed to protect the rights of the Hindu community, after the formation of the All India Muslim League in 1906 and the British India government’s creation of separate Muslim electorate under the Morley-Minto reforms of 1909.
Tag:Modern History, UPSC
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