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      General Studies 1

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      • Important points for Medical Termination of Pregnancy Amendment Bill, 2020

      Important points for Medical Termination of Pregnancy Amendment Bill, 2020

      • Posted by Vizmins Official Post
      • Date February 3, 2021
      General-Studies-paper-1-issues-related-to-women-upsc

      Why the amendment is required?

      • The present abortion law, which is about five decades old, permits abortion up to a maximum foetal gestation period of 20 weeks.
      • In recent years, there have been strong demands to raise the foetal gestation period for abortion beyond 20 weeks.

      Highlights of the Medical Termination of Pregnancy Amendment Bill, 2020

      • It seeks to extend the upper limit for permitting abortions from 20 weeks to 24 under special circumstances.
      • The “special categories of women” include rape survivors, victims of incest, the differently abled and minors.
      • The Bill proposes requirement of opinion of one registered medical practitioner (RMP) for termination of pregnancy up to 20 weeks of gestation.
      • It also provides for the requirement of opinion of two RMPs for termination of pregnancy of 20 to 24 weeks.
      • The Bill proposes constitution of a Medical Board in every State and UT
        • The board will decide on pregnancies beyond 24 weeks in cases of foetal abnormalities.
        • Each board will have one gynaecologist, one radiologist or sonologist, one paediatrician, and other members prescribed by the State/UT government.
      Medical Termination of Pregnancy (MTP) Amendment Bill, 2020

      Issues with bill

      • Medical Board to decide termination only in certain cases
        • The Bill allows for termination of pregnancy after 24 weeks only in cases where a Medical Board diagnoses substantial foetal abnormalities.
        • This implies that for terminating pregnancies due to rape that have crossed the 24-week limit, there is no change in the process
        • The only recourse is to get permission through a Writ Petition.
      • Categories of women who can terminate pregnancy between 20-24 weeks not specified
        • The Bill allows certain categories of women to terminate their pregnancies between 20 and 24 weeks.
        • The central government will notify these categories.
        • It may be argued that the categories of women who may terminate a pregnancy between 20 and 24 weeks should be specified by Parliament and not delegated to the government.
      • Time frame for Medical Board’s decision not specified
      • Unclear if transgender persons will be covered

      Understand the bill

      Revise the MTP bill using Flashcard

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